Tank volume
Liquid volume at any level for horizontal and vertical tanks with flat, ellipsoidal or hemispherical heads — with a level-to-volume table.
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How this calculator works
For a horizontal tank, the liquid in the straight part is the circular segment area × length, and the liquid in the two heads is a scaled spherical cap: (a/R)·π·h²·(3R − h)/3, where a is the head depth (D/4 for 2:1 ellipsoidal, R for hemispherical). For a vertical tank, the bottom head, the straight shell and the top head are added in turn. The level table divides the full height into 10 % steps.
The example is a 3 m diameter horizontal tank with 10 m straight length and 2:1 ellipsoidal heads: capacity 77.75 m³ (70.69 m³ in the shell plus 7.07 m³ in the heads), and exactly half at 1.5 m level.
Limits: ideal shapes; nozzles, internals, heating coils and floor slope are not counted. Torispherical (flanged and dished) heads hold a little less than 2:1 ellipsoidal heads. References: Perry's §10 (tank volumes); Jones, Calculating Tank Volume; API MPMS Ch. 2 for strapping.